Purpose: To compare the prevalence of OCULAR SYMPTOMS and signs in professional video-display users (VDU) and non-users.Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study was performed on bank staff who used computer for their task as the VDU group and staff who did not work with computer as controls. OCULAR SYMPTOMS were evaluated based on a questionnaire and signs were detected according to complete OCULAR examination.Results: The VDU group included 34 male and 23 female subjects with mean age of 30.7±6.8 years and controls included 25 male and 31 female subjects with mean age of 27.6±7.2 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding age and sex. OCULAR SYMPTOMS included burning and tearing in 79% vs 45% (P=0.037), dry eye sensation in 66% vs 32% (P= 0.022) and asthenopia in 64.8% vs 40% (P=0.044) of the VDU group vs controls, respectively. Dry eye based on Schirmer test of less than 10 mm after 5 minutes was found in 40.3% vs 10.7% in the VDU group and controls, respectively (P=0.012). Tear break up time of less than 10 seconds was seen in 43.8% of the VDU group and 8.9% of the control group (P=0.044). Heterophoria was present in 33.2% of the VDU group vs 5.3% of controls (P=0.032). There was no difference between the two groups regarding myopia (54.3% in the VDU group vs 39.2% in controls). Conclusion: OCULAR complaints such as burning and tearing, dry eye sensation and asthenopia were more prevalent in video-display users.

Background and Aim: The use of computers has become mandatory for doing every kind of work in recent years, and fewer professionals can be found on which to perform the functions without computers. One of the most common complaints of computer users is OCULAR problems. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of OCULAR SYMPTOMS in computer users in one of Abadan oil companies.Material and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study which was performed on 199 computer users. Simple randomization was used to recruit the sample. The data was collected using demographic sheet and eye fatigue and workplace ergonomics questionnaire and was analyzed by descriptive statistics and Chi-square test using SPSS-PC (v.19) Results: The sample consisted of 78 females and 121 males. Their age ranged between 30 to 40 years and their use of computers ranged between 21 to 40 hours a week. Frequent eye complaints of the users included, dim display (44.2%), dizziness when looking at the monitor (41.2%), tears and tearing eyes while working with the monitor (38.7%), burning eyes, (38.2%) and feel eye dryness 38.2% respectively. There was significant relationships between the OCULAR complaints and age (P-value=0.014), the number of hours of working with computers (P-value=0.004), the position of chair (P-value=0.03), working conditions (P-value=0.001) and the position of monitors (P-value=0.02).Conclusions: The results of this study revealed the high frequency of OCULAR SYMPTOMS in computer users and the impact of non-ergonomic conditions on the occurrence of these complaints and represented the necessity of modification of ergonomic conditions.

Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that affects mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. This report concerns a 7-year-old girl who initially presented with Myotonia (precisely, an inability to open her eyes after closing them). Electromyography, nerve conduction velocity, and genetic testing confirmed acetazolamide-responsive Myotonia and a mutation in the ACADM gene indicative of MCAD. However, due to the absence of MCAD-related SYMPTOMS, treatment for this disorder was not initiated, and the patient was managed with carbamazepine and acetazolamide. She was later admitted to Mofid Children's Hospital with recurrent seizures, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain, and hypoglycemia following pneumonia. Metabolic screening and genetic testing via whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing confirmed MCAD. Treatment with L-carnitine and corn starch, in addition to acetazolamide and carbamazepine, was started. This case highlights the importance of identifying metabolic disorders like MCAD in children with hypoglycemia, acidosis, neurological SYMPTOMS, and abdominal pain. Metabolic disorders caused by enzyme deficiencies require early emergency intervention to prevent irreversible damage. Careful monitoring and timely management are essential to prevent severe metabolic crises in such cases.

A male patient had suffered miscellaneous OCULAR SYMPTOMS for 20 years with auricular dysmorphosis and was diagnosed with Relapsing Polychondritis (RP) in the ear, nose, joints, and costal cartilage. The patient lost his vision owing to recurrent OCULAR SYMPTOMS for decades. He presented an increased IgA and was diagnosed with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and treated by prednisone and cyclophosphamide. His OCULAR SYMPTOMS relieved and serum IgA decreased after six months. In conclusion, RP is a systemic disease with a wide range of clinical SYMPTOMS and may lead to serious complications.

BACKGROUND: This study was undertaken to detect the prevalence of OCULAR SYMPTOMS and signs in professional video display users (VDUs) and non-users in Isfahan.METHODS: This is a cross-sectional descriptive case-control study. The VDUs group was selected from among employees working with computer and the control group was selected from among employees not working with computer. Fifty seven VDUs (34 male & 23 female with mean age of 30.7 ± 6.8) and 56 employees in the control group (25 male & 31 female, mean age of 27.6 ± 7.2) were evaluated. Complete OCULAR examination was done for both groups. RESULTS: Among VDUs, 45 cases (79%) had burning eyes and tearing, 38 cases (66%) had dry eye, 37 cases (65%) had asthenopia, and 47 cases (82.5%) had musculoskeletal pain but these values for the control group were 24 (42.8%), 18 (32.2%), 22(39.3%) and 15 (26.8%) respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.037, p = 0.023, p = 0.044, p = 0.013). Schirmer's test was positive in 22 VDUs (38.5%) vs. 6 (10.7%) of control group (p = 0.012). There was heterophoria in 19 VDUs (33.3%) vs. 3 controls (5.4%) (p = 0.032).CONCLUSION: Eye burning and tearing, dry eye, asthenopia and musculoskeletal problems were obviously more common in VDUs. Considering the extensive use of computers at home and work, a plan is required to detect dangers and provide appropriate solutions.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the presence of OCULAR SYMPTOMS was common in COVID-19 patients, which can cause secondary complications in the treatment of OCULAR diseases. On the other hand, obesity can cause secondary SYMPTOMS in infectious diseases by impairing the function of the immune system, which indicates the relationship between involvement of different tissues and dysfunction of the cellular immune system. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between body indexes (i. e., age, height, weight, and BMI) and the presence of OCULAR SYMPTOMS in patients with COVID-19. Methods: In this cross-sectional study (from March 2021 to May 2021), OCULAR SYMPTOMS (including blurred vision, epiphora, photophobia, discharge and exudate, redness, pain, and itching of the eyes) and body indexes (age, height, weight and BMI) were evaluated in 108 patients with COVID-19, who were referred to Ayatollah Rouhani hospital, Babol, Iran. The independent t-test and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests were used to examine the data relationship in SPSS software. Results: The results showed that the mean body weight in COVID-19 patients with blurred vision was significantly higher than COVID-19 patients without blurred vision (P=0. 003, t=-3. 056). The mean height of COVID-19 patients with epiphora was significantly lower than the mean height of COVID-19 patients without epiphora (P=0. 018, t=2. 398). Also, the BMI of COVID-19 patients with epiphora was 30. 00 ±, 4. 07 kg/m2, while the BMI of COVID-19 patients without epiphora was 27. 68±, 4. 42 kg/m2 (P=0. 047, t=0. 026). In COVID-19 patients with at least one OCULAR symptom, height was significantly lower than heigh of COVID-19 patients without any OCULAR SYMPTOMS (P=0. 001, t=3. 397). Conclusion: Our results indicate the essential role of obesity in the occurrence of eye SYMPTOMS in COVID-19 patients. In this study, it was found that blurred vision, epiphora and the presence of at least one eye symptom in COVID-19 patients were significantly associated with the upward trend of BMI (as an index of obesity).